Window



Dec. 24,1940.

F. P. WALKER WINDOW 7 Filed July 23, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 24,1940.

F. P. WALKER WINDOW Filed July 23, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 F. P. WALKERWINDOW Filed July 23, 1938 Dec. 24, 1940.

5 Sheets-Sheet 3 HJMM Patented Dec. 24, 1940 UNITED STATES WINDOWFrederick Pickering Walker, London, England, as-

signor to The Crittall Manufacturing Company, Limited, London, EnglandApplication July 23, 1938, Serial No. 220,987 In Great Britain August 3,1937 6 Claims.

This invention relates to sound reducing windows which are designed toadmit air for ventilation but baffle sound waves.

According to this invention, a soundreducing window having a pluralityof panels or of groups of panels arranged in three or more parallelplanes, comprises one or more hinged panels in at least one of the outerplanes and a horizontally sliding adjustable panel or panels in at leastone,

. and preferably in one or more of the planes, the sliding panel orpanels being capable of adjustment to a position providing a gap orgaps, staggered in relation to the opening or openings obtained when thehinged panel or panels is or are opened.

In practice it will be found most convenient to arrange the hingedpanels respectively on the interior and exterior planes with the slidingpanels in the intermediate plane or planes.

It will be appreciated that the window of this invention provides a widerange of control as regards the extent of ventilation while reducingappreciably the amount of sound that can pass through the windowopening,

In the drawings:

Figures 1 to 5 and '7 to- 10 are diagrammatic sectional plan views ofseveral forms of window comprising a plurality of panels located inthree parallel planes, there being sliding panels in at least one planeand a hinged panel in at least one of the other planes.

Figures 6 and 11 to 15 are diagrammatic sectional plan views showingsimilar windows but.

having panels arranged in four parallel planes.

Figure 16 is a vertical section of a metal window having panels arrangedin four parallel planes.

Figure 17 is a horizontal sectional plan view of the window of Figure 16and showing adjacent windows.

Figures 18 and 19 are detail views showing respectively an elevation andvertical section of the runners.

Referring firstly to Figure 1, in one of the planes there are locatedtwo panels I, 2 both of which are mounted to slide; in a second planethere are provided two panels 3, 4 which are also mounted to slide, andin the third plane there are provided three panels 5, 6, I of which thepanels 5 and I are fixed and the panel 6 is hinged at 8 to the panel 5(or it may be hinged to the panel 'I). The window frame is indicated at9 and is preferably lined with sound-absorbent material I0.

Either set of panels may be arranged on the inside of the window, theother being on the outside. Assuming that the panels 5, 6 and Iconstitute the outside panels then the gap between the frame 9 and thesliding panels I and 2 may be a permanent one, being on the inside or ifon the other hand the panels I and 2 are outside and thus exposed to theweather, there is preferably provided, as shown in dotted lines.aswinging panel II, which may hinge about its outer vertical edge orabout a central pivot,

Conveniently as shown the panel II may be hinged to the frame 9 onprojecting hinges I2 to allow the outside of the panel I I to be cleanedfrom the inside.

For ventilation purposes, the panel 6 and also the panel II, whenprovided, is opened and in order to obtain the maximum reduction ofsound, the sliding panels I-2, 3-4 are moved to the positions shown,when the sound waves will be caused to take a tortuous path and arearrested or broken up by means of sound absorbing material provided onthe side walls of the window frame or alternatively as hereinafterdescribed, in connection with Figure 15, by arranging for the opposingsides, and if necessary also the top and bottom walls to be set at anangle, so that they are out of parallel and thereby preventingtransmission of sound by reflection of the sound waves, the latter beingreflected externally.

Should it be desired toincrease the volume of incoming air and thus theamount of ventilation, the panel 3 may be displaced to the left ofFigure 1, when of course the volume of sound will increase due to theshorter path required for the sound waves to enter the room, while stillfurther ventilation can be ensured by sideways movement of the panel 2.

In the modification shown in Figure 2, the panels I, 2, 3, 4 of Figure 1are replaced by wider panels I3, I4 and the panels 5, 6 and I in Figure1 are replaced by three panels I5, I6 and I I, of which the panels I5and I! are hinged and the panel I6 is fixed.

In Figure 3 an arrangement is shown consisting of what is more or less aduplication of the window shown in Figure 2, i. e. there are two slidingpanels I3, two sliding panels I4, a hinged panel I5 at each end,twofixed panels I6 and two central hinged panels I! which can be openedto provide access for cleaning the window or for extra ventilation.

Figure 4 shows an arrangement similar to Figure 3 except that additionalnarrower width panels I3 and I9 are employed, these panels beingslidable as are the panels l3, I3 and I4, I4.

Referring now to Figures 7 to 10, there are illustrated furtherembodiments of the window of this invention having the panels arrangedin three planes.

In these Figures, 7 to 10, sliding panels are indicated by the numeral20, fixed panels by the numeral 2|, panels with projecting hinges by thenumeral 22, and panels with ordinary hinges by the numeral 23. 2

Figures 6 and 11 to 18, illustrate several alternative constructions ofthe window, in which there are panels arranged in four planes.

The window of Figure 6, is a development of the form of window shown inFigures 1, 3 and 5 in that, in addition to the intermediate panels .3and 4 (Figure l) or l4, l4 (Figures 3 and 5), there are a second set ofintermediate sliding panels l9, IS with the result that. the incomingair and thus the sound waves are caused to take an additional bend,before they can pass entirely through the window.

Referring to Figure 11, there is shown a dey velopment of the window ofFigure '7 wherein an additional intermediate panel 20 is provided.

Figures 12 to 15 illustrate further forms of window in which the slidingpanels are indicated by the numeral 20, fixed panels by the numeral 2|,panels with projecting hinges by the numeral 22, and panels withordinary hinges by the numeral 23.

In Figures 16 and 17 is shown a metal window having window panels infour planes and comprising two sets of intermediate sliding panels withhinged panels on the inside and outside.

The window on the inside and outside consists of the standard metalwindow casement type and comprises fixed and moving frames provided withthe usual Weathering flanges. The fixed frame indicated at 25 is securedin a wood surround 26, and it will be observed thaton the inside of thewindow there two hinged lights 21 and 28, 21 being the larger and mainlight of the window.

On the outside of the window there is a single hinged casement indicatedgenerally at 29, 30 being the fixed frame thereof in which is fitted anadditional fixed light 3!. The intermediate and sliding panels indicatedrespectively at 32, and 33, are for-med of plate glass (without frames)and are carried at their lower ends on carriages provided with rollers34, running on tracks 35,

forming part of a fixed frame, the upper and vertical sides of whichconsist of a U or V shaped strip to provide a groove to'receive theedges of 45 the plate.

1 As shown in Figure 17 the vertical sides of the intermediate framesmay be fitted with rubber strip 36 to act as a buffer to cushion themovement of the glass.

It will be observed that the inside vertical walls of the wood surround2B are set at an angle as indicated at 3'! so as to minimisetransmission of sound towards the interior by reflection. This may alsoapply to the horizontal walls. In the case of the lower wall, indicatedat 38, the angle is arranged to give to the frame a slope outwardly sothat any moisture that may condense, drains to the outside of thewindow, first col lecting in condensation grooves 39, from which areprovided ducts 40 leading to the exterior.

The carriage (see Figures 1'7, 13) consist'of an H-s'ection frame,between the upper limbs 4| of which the plate glass is held while thelower limbs 42 serve as a rail guard as can be seen from Fi ure 19, theconnecting web 43 being cut away to receive the roller 34.

The roller 34 is journalledbetween the limbs 4| upon a bush 44 mountedon a screwed stud 45, which is extended on the inside of the frame toreceive a handle piece 46 by which the window is actuated to slide.

The window plate is cut away along its lower edges to accommodate theroller and also to pro vide space for the fixing putty. To prevent theputty from getting into the bearing on either side of the stud are pins4'! around which is fixed a guard strip 48.

The hinged easements 28 may be secured by the usual fastening meanswhich are operable from the inside and in the case of the outsidecasement access to the fastening is had by shifting the sliding panelsto one side. Alternatively,

means (not shown) may be provided for operating the hinged panels I Iand 22 on the outside of the window from the inside by means of acontrol passing through the outer face frame of the window. This mayconveniently take the form of a push-pull control of the type known asArens which resembles a large Bowden wire in a casing capable oftransmitting power both in tension and compression.

It will be appreciated that in practice the width of the sliding panelsis restricted to twice the distance that an arm can reach between thepanels.

For the sound deadening material a layer of felt indicated at 49 may beemployed. The felt ismounted upon a backing of wood, and its outersurface covered by a layer of American cloth or the like.

What I claim is:

1. A sound reducing window comprising a frame, a plurality of panelscollectively of approximately the width of the frame arranged at oneface thereof, one of said panels being hinged on a vertical aXis to saidframe to open outwards, a plurality of panels collectively ofapproximately the width of the frame parallel to the first mentionedpanels, one of thesecond mentioned panels being hinged on a verticalaxis to said frame, and panels disposed in a plane between the first andsecond mentioned panels slidable horizontally to either side of theframe and being collectively of less width than the frame.

2. A sound reducing window comprising a frame, a plurality of panelscollectively of approximately the width of the frame arranged at oneface thereof, one of said panels being hinged on a vertical axis to saidframe to open outwards, the remainder of said panels being horizontallyslidable when the hinged panel is open, a plurality of panelscollectively of approximately the width of the frame parallel to thefirst mentioned panels, one of the second mentioned panels being hingedon a vertical axis to said frame, and panels in a plane located betweenthe first and second mentioned panels slidable horizontally to eitherside of the frame and being collectively of less width than the frame.

3. A sound reducing window according to claim 1 wherein the hingedpanels are hinged to the same side of the frame, to enable adjustment ofthe panels to provide a tortuous air passage or a direct air passagethrough the window space of the frame.

4. A sound reducing window according to claim 2 having sound-absorbingmaterial covering the surfaces of the window space of the frame.

5. A sound reducing window according to claim 1 having sound absorbingmaterial covering the surfaces of'the sides of the frame within thewindow space consisting of strips spaced apart for entry of the thirdmentioned panels therebetween, said strips having inclined surfacesexposed in said space to outwardly reflect sound approaching from thevoutside.

6. A sound reducing window according to claim 1 having the surfaces ofthe frame within the window space canted outwards to reflect soundapproaching from the outside.

' FREDERICK PICKERING WALKER.

